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HomeMy WebLinkAboutOCSD 03-09OCSD RESOLUTION NO. 03-09 OCWD RESOLUTION NO. 03-4-54 JOINT RESOLUTION OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE ORANGE COUNTY WATER DISTRICT AND THE ORANGE COUNTY SANITATION DISTRICT WHEREAS, Orange County Water District (OCWD) and Orange County Sanitation District (OCSD) plan to jointly build and operate the Groundwater Replenishment System (GWR System) to provide a reliable high quality supply of water for groundwater recharge; and WHEREAS, the Department of Health Services held a public hearing on February 4, 2003 to consider the project and receive public comments; and WHEREAS, the Department of Health Services must make a finding that the GWR System will not degrade the quality of the water in the receiving aquifers for domestic use; and WHEREAS, the Department of Health Services will recommend to the Regional Water Quality Control Board conditions for approval of the project to assure that water quality and public health are protected; and WHEREAS, the Regional Water Quality Control Board is not specifically obligated under State statute to include all of the Department of Health Services recommended conditions in the permit issued for the project; and WHEREAS, comments made by concerned citizens at the public hearing emphasized the importance of having the GWR System comply with all Department of Health Services conditions to assure that it is safe. NOW, THEREFORE, OCWD and OCSD hereby jointly resolve to comply with all conditions recommended by the Hearing Officer of the State of California Department of Health Services for the GWR System, including source control, treatment and monitoring to assure that the water produced is at all times safe, wholesome and potable. ADOPTED THIS 23rd day of April, 2003 ORANGE COUNTY WATER DISTRICT ATTESh By: _ ___,,,.~~~~--:-..::~~w:....~ ADOPTED THIS 23rd day of April, 2003 ORANGE COUNTY SANITATION DISTRICT .. _.;' ..: ' ·~ ...... ...:... . ~-.. ~ I,, ~· • ~--1 .'·.J \ ·~ I .. , ............. , <-· .r I ' ~_; ,.: - .{\ '. ,. ' ') ,;, SUMMARY OF PUBLIC HEARING In the Matter of: Orange County Water District Groundwater Replenishment System ) ) On February 4, 2003, the California Department of Health Services (OHS) and California Department of Water Resources (DWR) held a joint public hearing in Fountain Valley, California, to consider the proposed Groundwater Replenishment System (GWR System), which is a seawater intrusion barrier and water supply project jointly sponsored by the Orange County Water District (OCWD) and Orange County Sanitation District (OCSD). A list of public hearing attendees is included in Attachment A. The hearing panel included: Hearing Officer Cindy Forbes, P.E., Chief of the Southern California Branch, Drinking Water Field Operations, State of California Department of Health Services OCWD and OCSD staff made a presentation on the proposed project. Describing the background of and need for the project, they noted that planning for the GWR System began in the mid-1990's and discussed the project's local and regional benefits. The GWR System will produce recycled water to recharge the Orange County Groundwater Basin via injection and surface spreading. They described details of the project components, which include the advanced water treatment facilities, seawater intrusion barrier, and transmission pipeline to the spreading basins. The OCSD source control program was reviewed along with plans to expand the program to include drinking water compounds of concern. Water quality data based on OCWD's full-scale demonstration project were presented. Both OCWD and OCSD pledged their commitment to source control and extensive monitoring to assure the highest water quality for this new water supply. The presentation was followed by statements from 15 members of the audience. While the majority of the commenters favored the project, some voiced concerns about water quality, source control, unknown or future compounds of concern, and coordination between regulatory agencies. 1 .. FINDINGS OF FACT 1 . Section 13540 of the California Water Code requires that recycled water may only be injected into an aquifer that is used as a source of domestic water supply if the OHS finds that the recharge will not degrade the quality of water in the receiving aquifer as a source of water supply for domestic purposes. 2. OCWD is a public agency formed by a Special Act of the California Legislature in 1933 for the purpose of managing the supply and protecting the quality of the Orange County Groundwater Basin (the Basin). OCWO has operated Water Factory 21 (WF-21) and the Talbert Gap Seawater Intrusion Barrier (Talbert Gap Barrier) since 1975. WF-21 is an advanced water treatment plant that produces highly treated wastewater that meets the OHS requirements for injection into the Talbert Gap Barrier to prevent the inflow of seawater into the groundwater basin, which is used as a source of domestic water supply. WF-21 is located at 10500 Ellis Avenue, Fountain Valley, California, 92708. Talbert Gap Barrier consists of pipelines and injection wells, primarily located along Ellis Avenue in Fountain Valley and Huntington Beach, California. OCWO operates WF-21 and Talbert Gap Barrier under California Regional Water Quality Control Board, Santa Ana Region (SARWQCB) Order No. 91-121, as amended by Order Nos. 93-28 and 93-74. In Anaheim and Orange, California, OCWO manages and operates approximately 1, 100 acres of groundwater recharge facilities in and adjacent to the Santa Ana River and Santiago Creek. OCWO also owns and operates the Green Acres Project (GAP), which is a conventional tertiary treatment plant and recycled water distribution system. Located at the same site as WF-21, the GAP treatment facilities have supplied about 7 mgd of tertiary filtered and disinfected recycled water for landscape irrigation and industrial uses in Fountain Valley, Costa Mesa. Santa Ana, and Huntington Beach since 1990. 3. OCSD is a public agency formed in 1946 under the County Sanitation Act of 1923 as a single purpose entity, providing wastewater collection, treatment, and disposal for north and central Orange County. Since 1954, OCSO has operated Reclamation Plant No. 1, a wastewater treatment facility. Reclamation Plant No. 1 provides wastewater that has been treated to secondary effluent standards to OCWD's WF-21 and GAP as source water. Reclamation Plant No. 1 is located at 10844 Ellis Avenue, Fountain Valley, California, 92708, adjacent to WF-21. OCSO operates a collection system, two wastewater treatment plants, two discharge outfalls to the ocean, and two emergency weir outlets to the Santa Ana River under a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPOES) permit issued by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, NPDES Permit No. CA0110604, and SARWQCB Order No. 98-5, as amended in July 2002 by SARWQCB Order No. RS-2002-0055. 4. OCWD and OCSD plan to construct and operate the Groundwater Replenishment System (GWR System). OCWO is the lead agency for the 2 proposed project. The GWR System will replace and augment the existing recycled water supply by providing a more reliable and higher quality source of water to protect the Basin from further degradation due to seawater intrusion and to provide additional water for recharge, irrigation, and industrial uses. The GWR System will treat wastewater to meet drinking water standards and other limits imposed on recycled water intended for groundwater recharge and indirect potable reuse. The GWR System will also provide peak wastewater flow disposal relief and postpone the need for OCSD to construct a new ocean outfall by diverting treated wastewater flows that would otherwise be discharged to the Pacific Ocean. The GWR System will consist of three major components: (1) advanced water treatment facilities (AWTF) and pumping stations; (2) expansion of an existing seawater intrusion barrier; and (3) a major pipeline connecting the treatment facilities to existing recharge basins. The AWTF will replace WF-21 and be located at the same site at the southeast corner of the intersection of Ellis Avenue and Ward Street in Fountain Valley, California. The Talbert Gap Barrier will be expanded towards the west along Ellis Avenue in Huntington Beach and towards the southeast along Ward Street and the westerly side of the Santa Ana River to Adams Avenue in Fountain Valley. The GWR Pipeline will be installed along the westerly levee of the Santa Ana River from the AWTF in Fountain Valley to existing spreading basins in the Anaheim Forebay area, traversing the Cities of Fountain Valley, Santa Ana, Orange and Anaheim. Kraemer Basin in Anaheim will be the primary spreading basin receiving recycled water. The adjacent Miller Basin will be used on a standby basis when Kraemer Basin is periodically taken out of service for cleaning. Implementation of the GWR System will be phased. Phase 1 will produce up to 78,400 acre-feet per year (afy) (or 70 million gallons per day (mgd)) of recycled water. Future phases are possible to expand the capacity of the GWR System. Approximately half of the recycled water will be injected at the Talbert Gap Barrier and the remainder will be spread at the Kraemer/Miller Recharge Basins. A minor amount of th~ GWR System product water may occasionally be used or supplement the GAP for irrigation and industrial uses. The treatment technology used for the proposed project will consist of: • Source Control: OCSD maintains a comprehensive industrial pretreatment and source control program approved by the SARWQCB for control of waste discharges from point sources into the wastewater collection system. • Secondary Treatment: Wastewater will be treated at OCSD's Reclamation Plant No. 1, which features preliminary, advanced primary, and secondary treatment processes. The existing rated capacity of Plant No. 1 is 108 mgd. Preliminary treatment consists of barscreens and grit removal. Primary treatment consists of coagulant addition and sedimentation. Following primary clarification, the primary effluent flow stream is split and oxidized using two secondary treatment processes, activated sludge and 3 trickling filters. The existing capacity of the activated sludge system is 80 mgd. The balance of the flow is treated using trickling filters. Secondary clarifiers at the activated sludge system and trickling filters produce fully oxidized and clarified secondary effluent. Secondary effluent will be the source water supplied to the GWR System AWTF. • Fine Screening: Secondary treated wastewater from OCSD's Reclamation Plant No. 1 will be strained, or passed through rotating band fine-mesh screens, and chloraminated prior to microfiltration. Screenings will be dewatered and returned to OCSD for disposal. • Microfiltration: Screened secondary effluent will flow via gravity to 26 in- basin microfiltration (MF) cells containing submerged racks of hollow fiber membranes with a maximum pore size of 0.2 micron. This MF system has been accepted by OHS as an approved alternative to media filtration. By means of a vacuum, filtrate pumps will draw water through the MF membranes via a piping manifold and discharge the filtrate to the MF break tank. The nominal rated filtrate production capacity of the MF system will be 86 mgd. The MF cells will be periodically backwashed to clean the membranes. The waste backwash will be returned to OCSD for treatment. • Reverse osmosis: Stored MF filtrate will be pumped from the MF break tank to the reverse osmosis (RO) system. Upstream of the RO process, the flow will be pretreated by adding sulfuric acid for pH control and threshold inhibitor to prevent precipitation of sparingly soluble salts, and by 10-micron cartridge filtration. Each of the 15 RO trains will have a capacity of 5 mgd and will consist of a high pressure feed pump and 150 pressure vessels arranged in three stages in a 78:48:24 array. The RO system will use thin film composite polyamide membranes. Designed for an 85 percent recovery rate, the nominal permeate production capacity of the RO system will be 70 mgd. Permeate from the RO system will be discharged to the advanced oxidation and ultraviolet light treatment/disinfection processes. Concentrated brine from the RO system will be returned to OCSD for disposal. • Advanced oxidation I disinfection: The advanced oxidation process (AOP) will consist of two steps: hydrogen peroxide will be added to the RO permeate upstream of the ultraviolet (UV) light treatment. UV irradiation will be used for disinfection and reduction of light-sensitive contaminants. Hydrogen peroxide exposed to UV irradiation produces hydroxyl radicals that result in advanced oxidation to destroy UV-resistant contaminants, such as N-nitrosodimethylamine (NOMA). The UV system will conform to the requirements delineated in the "Ultraviolet Disinfection Guidelines for Drinking Water and Water Reuse" (December 2000) published by the National Water Research Institute (NWRI). The AOP system is designed to disinfect RO permeate and reduce NOMA levels to a concentration below 1 O parts per trillion (ppt). The hydrogen peroxide dosage will be optimized during development of the operations, maintenance and 4 monitoring plan. The closed, in-vessel type UV system will feature low- pressure high-output lamps with the reactors arranged in eight duty trains, plus one standby/peak flow train. The total nominal capacity of the duty trains is 70 mgd. The nominal capacity of the standby/peak flow train is 30 mgd. The duty and standby UV trains are separated by valves to allow the system to produce recycled water at the same time as peak or emergency flows are discharged to the Santa Ana River. In the event that more than 30 mgd of peak/emergency flow needs to be discharged to the river, then recycled water production will be stopped, the separation valves will be opened, and all UV trains will discharge up to 100 mgd filtered, disinfected effluent to the Santa Ana River. • Decarbonation: Under normal recycled water production, following UV treatment, part of the water will pass through decarbonators to release excess carbon dioxide. Approximately 40 to 60 mgd of the flow will pass through five decarbonation towers, and 10 to 30 mgd will bypass this process to produce the targeted level of carbon dioxide. • Lime stabilization: Lime will be added to the final product water to adjust the pH and reduce the potential for minerals to be leached from the cement lining used in the transmission pipelines. The proposed project complies with Section 60320 of Article 5.1, entitled "Groundwater Recharge". of the California Code of Regulations Title 22, Division 4, Chapter 3, entitled "Water Recycling Criteria". OHS considers the above treatment processes to be the best available advanced wastewater and recycled water treatment technology at this time. 5. During construction of GWR System, WF-21 will remain in operation in an interim mode to supply Talbert Gap Barrier. Improvements will be made to modify the existing WF-21 treatment processes. The modified facilities will be known as Interim WF-21 and will be similar to the GWR System AWTF. The existing WF-21 produces up to 5 mgd of recycled water using lime clarification, recarbonation, mixed media filtration, RO, and advanced oxidation/disinfection (hydrogen peroxide and UV treatment). Portions of the existing WF-21 facilities will be replaced or modified in order to maintain recycled water production during construction of the GWR System. The existing lime clarification, recarbonation, and filtration processes will be replaced with an initial MF system to provide pretreatment for the RO process. In addition, the existing cellulose acetate RO membranes will be changed to new thin film composite polyamide RO membranes. A new UV unit will be installed for demonstration and certification testing. During this testing period, the existing UV system will continue to operate. The new UV system will not be placed in operation until approval has been obtained from OHS. The capacity of the modified or Interim WF-21 will be 5 mgd. Later, when construction of GWR System nears completion, Interim WF- 21 will be taken out of service, and portions of its MF, RO, and UV components will be relocated to the GWR System AWTF. 5 6. In 2000 and 2002 respectively, NOMA and 1,4-dioxane from the existing WF-21 operation were found in domestic wells in the vicinity of the Talbert Gap Barrier at concentrations above the OHS Action Levels. To reduce the concentrations of these compounds, additional source control measures were taken by OCSD, and AOP treatment, consisting of hydrogen peroxide addition and UV irradiation, was added to the existing WF-21 treatment train. 7. An effective source control program is currently provided by OCSD to minimize the risk that wastewater treated at Reclamation Plant No. 1 will be contaminated with toxic chemicals to protect the treatment facilities and the marine environment. The scope and purpose of this OCSD source control program need to be expanded to include not only contaminants that may be detrimental to the facilities or environment, but also to include contaminants specified by OHS that may be harmful to human health and drinking water supplies. The GWR System source water will not include flows from the Santa Ana River Interceptor, which contains inland brines and industrial wastes. OCWD, through a comprehensive monitoring program, will be able to ensure that the recycled water produced at the GWR System AWTF for recharge into the groundwater basin via injection at the Talbert Gap Barrier and spreading at Anaheim Forebay is not contaminated with toxic chemicals of industrial origin that are of concern to OHS in drinking water sources. 8. To ensure that the GWR System AWTF and Interim WF-21 meet the performance criteria and produce recycled water that meets all requirements specified in the SARWQCB permit, an operating plan needs to be developed for the first year and should be updated periodically to take into account the experiences learned from the prior years of operation. Proper operation needs to be defined and cover critical parameters in each treatment process. 9. To ensure that any pathogenic microorganisms that may be present in the recycled water are effectively inactivated or removed, a retention time in the Talbert Gap Barrier area of at least 12 months for the recycled water in the groundwater basin before the water is extracted for drinking purposes and a minimum horizontal separation of 2,000 feet between the Talbert Gap Barrier injection wells and all drinking water wells is needed. A retention time in the Anaheim Forebay area of at least 6 months for the recycled water in the groundwater basin before the water is extracted for drinking purposes and a minimum of 500 feet between the Kraemer/Miller Recharge Basins and all drinking water wells is needed. 10. OCWD has operated Talbert Gap Barrier since 1975 by injecting recycled water produced by WF-21 to prevent seawater intrusion into the Orange County Groundwater Basin. Domestic water from City of Fountain Valley and colored water from deep aquifer wells have also been injected into the Talbert Gap Barrier. The amount of recycled water injected has historically ranged between about 900 and 8,000 acre-feet per year. The majority of injected water flows inland to replenish the Basin aquifers, which are a source of municipal water 6 supplies. The failure to maintain an effective seawater intrusion barrier would cause serious water quality degradation in drinking water aquifers in Orange County and the potential loss of this water resource. 11. The Orange County Groundwater Basin consists of multiple aquifers that extend over 2,000 feet deep and form a complex series of interconnected sand and gravel deposits. Near the ground surface are shallow aquifers: Talbert, Alpha, Beta, Lambda and Upper Rho Aquifers. The majority of the Basin production is from the principal aquifer system: Lower Rho and Main Aquifers. Deeper aquifers exist below the principal aquifer system; however, these zones contain colored water and currently yield limited production. The Newport-Inglewood Fault Zone forms the southwestern boundary between the Basin and ocean of all but the shallowest aquifers in the Basin. The areas where the shallow aquifers are adjacent to the ocean are known as gaps and are susceptible to seawater intrusion. The Basin is impacted by many variables including factors that are some distance from the proposed project. Some of these include drought, pumping patterns and volumes, new and existing extraction projects, and amounts of recharge. 12. The Talbert Gap Barrier consists of 26 existing injection wells, plus two new injection wells currently under construction. Of these 28 injection wells, 24 wells inject into shallow aquifers, 3 wells inject into the Main Aquifer, and 1 well injects into both the shallow and Main aquifers. 13. The GWR System will add 8 new injection wells that will inject into the shallow and Main aquifers. Four of these new wells at the west end of Talbert Gap Barrier will inject into the Alpha, Beta, Lambda, and Main Aquifers. The other four new wells at the east end of the barrier will inject into the Talbert and Lambda Aquifers. 14. At the Talbert Gap Barrier, OCWD proposes a phased approach to injection of 100 percent recycled water. Initially, a blend of up to a maximum of 75 percent recycled water and 25 percent water of non-wastewater origin will be injected at the barrier. Diluents will be potable water for GWR System and a blend of potable and deep aquifer (colored) water for Interim WF-21. After the GWR System demonstrates compliance with OHS criteria for recycled water quality and groundwater quality at this initial level for at least one year after the blended recharge water has reached at least one monitoring well, the proposed plan would increase the recycled water contribution up to 100 percent, upon OHS approval. These percentages will be calculated based on the running-monthly- average recycled water contribution for the preceding period up to 60 months. 15. Potable water for injection into Talbert Gap Barrier will be supplied via a new pipeline (Southeast Barrier Pipeline) connecting the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California (MWO) OC44 turnout to the barrier pipeline along Ellis Avenue using a reduced pressure principle backflow prevention device. During the initial 75:25 blend phase for GWR System, the Southeast Barrier Pipeline 7 will deliver potable water to the barrier. The new easterly injection wells, which are located adjacent to the Southeast Barrier Pipeline, will receive potable water and the balance will be distributed to the other injection wells for the blend. When injection of 100 percent recycled water is approved, the OC44 connection will be severed, and this pipeline will be used to deliver recycled water to the new easterly injection wells. 16. During operation of Interim WF-21, between 3 and 8 mgd of potable water for injection into Talbert Barrier will be supplied via the MWD OC44 connection as described above, plus between 2 and 5 mgd of potable water via the existing City of Fountain Valley service connection. The Fountain Valley supply is introduced into the existing WF-21 blending reservoir via an air gap. In addition to these diluents, up to 8 mgd of deep aquifer (colored) water will be introduced into the existing WF-21 blending reservoir. From the reservoir, the existing WF- 21 pump station will discharge a blend of recycled water, potable water, and deep aquifer water to Talbert Gap Barrier. 17. Interim WF-21 will discharge recycled water to the Talbert Gap Barrier. Interim WF-21 will not discharge recycled water to the Anaheim Forebay spreading basins. 18. When GWR System becomes operational, OCWD proposes to recharge via spreading a blend of up to a maximum of 75 percent recycled water and 25 percent diluent water at the Anaheim Forebay. Recycled water will be recharged primarily at Kraemer Basin and occasionally at Miller Basin. Diluents will include water of non-wastewater origin, such as captured Santa Ana River storm flows and imported water purchased from MWD that will be recharged at nearby OCWD spreading basins. These percentages will be calculated based on the running-monthly-average recycled water contribution for the preceding period up to 60 months. 19. The closest active domestic well to the Talbert Gap Barrier is Mesa Consolidated Water District's Well No. MCWD-5. Well MCWD-5 is located approximately 3, 100 feet from the Talbert Gap Barrier. The retention time prior to extracting water of recycled water origin at this well is estimated at 24 months. 20. The closest active domestic well to Kraemer Basin is the City of Anaheim's Well No. A-43. Well No. A-43 is located approximately 1 ,800 feet from Kraemer Basin and 1,300 feet from Miller Basin. The closest active domestic well to Miller Basin is the City of Anaheim's Well No. A-44. Well No. A-44 is located approximately 2,000 feet from Kraemer Basin and 900 feet from Miller Basin. 21. Groundwater tracer studies were conducted for OCWD by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in the area including and downgradient from Kraemer/Miller Basins. These tracer studies demonstrated that water percolated at Kraemer/Miller Basins travels towards the west/southwest away from Anaheim Lake. This confirmed that the closest domestic water production wells, A-27, A- 8 28, A-42, A-43, and A-44, which are located near Anaheim Lake, are upgradient from Kraemer/Miller Basins and therefore, would not be impacted by the GWR System. Wells A-27, A-28, A-42, A-43, and A-44 are owned and operated by the City of Anaheim and are replenished from different, upgradient basins. 22. Based on the groundwater tracer studies conducted by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, recycled water recharged at Kraemer/Miller Basins will flow towards the west/southwest, towards existing active domestic production wells SCWC-PLJ2 and A-26, owned and operated by Southern California Water Company (SCWC) and the City of Anaheim, respectively. Domestic water well SCWC-PLJ2 is located approximately 5,300 feet from Kraemer Basin. Domestic water well A-26 is located approximately 7 ,800 feet from Kraemer Basin, the closer of the two recharge basins. The estimated retention times for recharge water from Kraemer Basin are 6 months to well SCWC-PLJ2 and 8 months to well A-26. Because the arrival time to well SCWC-PLJ2 is roughly equivalent to the six-month minimum travel time requirement, well SCWC-PLJ2 will be taken out of production and replaced outside of the buffer zone prior to the time that the recycled water spread at Kraemer/Miller Basin reaches well SCWC-PLJ2. As a result, well A-26 will be the closest active domestic water supply well to the proposed Kraemer/Miller Basin recharge operation. 23. It is important that new drinking water wells are constructed outside the area required to achieve 12 months of retention time and a minimum of 2,000 horizontal feet separation from the injection operation at Talbert Gap Barrier for inactivation of microorganisms. OCWD will adopt a resolution that effectively prevents the use of groundwater for drinking water purposes within this OHS buffer zone to avoid the construction of new domestic water wells within this area of injection wells. The resolution will be invoked and in place prior to the start of injection of recycled water from the GWR System. In addition, OCWD will request that the Orange County Well Standards Advisory Board establish criteria to prevent construction of drinking water wells in the buffer area. This Board advises permitting agencies, Orange County Health Care Agency and the City of Fountain Valley, on well permitting criteria and will recommend that any new drinking water wells be located at least 2,000 feet from the nearest injection well and that the recycled water have a retention time of at least 12 months underground prior to withdrawal near the Talbert Gap Barrier. 24. It is important that new drinking water wells are constructed outside the area required to achieve 6 months of retention time and a minimum of 500 horizontal feet separation downgradient from the spreading operation at Kraemer/Miller Basins for inactivation of microorganisms. OCWD will adopt a resolution that effectively prevents the use of groundwater for drinking water purposes within this OHS buffer zone to avoid the construction of new domestic water wells within this area of spreading basins. The resolution will be invoked and in place prior to the start of recharge of recycled water from the GWR System. In addition, OCWD will request that the Orange County Well Standards Advisory Board establish criteria to prevent construction of drinking water wells in the 9 buffer area. This Board advises the permitting agencies, Orange County Health Care Agency and the City of Anaheim, on well permitting criteria and will recommend that any new drinking water wells be located at least 500 feet from the spreading basins and that the recycled water have a retention time of at least 6 months underground prior to withdrawal near Kraemer/Miller Basins. 25. Three new multi-depth monitoring wells, M-45 through M-47, will be constructed in Fountain Valley between the Talbert Gap Barrier injection wells and the nearest domestic water supply wells. Wells M-46 and M-47 will be installed near the Santa Ana River approximately three to four months travel time and one-half the distance (about 700 and 1,500 feet from the barrier), respectively, to the nearest domestic water supply well, MCWD-5. Wells M-46 and M-47 will sample the Lambda/Omicron, Upper Rho, Lower Rho, and Main Aquifers. Because several groundwater flow paths exist between the barrier injection wells and inland domestic water supply wells, well M-45 will be installed approximately one-half the distance (about 2,800 feet from the barrier) between the barrier and the Newport Beach production wells (NB-TAMS, NB-TAMD, NB-DOLS, and NB- DOLD), which lie about a mile north of the barrier. Well M-45 will sample the Alpha, Beta, Lambda/Omicron and Main Aquifers. Existing multi-zone monitoring wells, M-10 and M-11, are located in this flow path between the Newport Beach wells and the barrier, approximately three months travel time from the barrier. Besides these three new monitoring wells, 16 other monitoring wells exist within 2,000 feet of the Talbert Gap Barrier. 26. One new multi-depth monitoring well, AMD-12, will be constructed west of Kraemer/Miller Basins along the groundwater flow path toward domestic water supply well A-26. AMD-12 will monitor water quality in multiple zones of the Main Aquifer. AMD-12 will be installed in Anaheim, approximately 2,600 feet west of Kraemer/Miller Basins, which is about one-third the distance (about three months travel time) between Kraemer/Miller Basins and well A-26. In addition to this new monitoring well, four existing monitoring wells, AM-7, AM-8, AMD-10, and OCWD-KB 1 are located west of Kraemer/Miller Basins along the flow path towards well A-26. Well AM-7 is located at about one-quarter the distance (about two months travel time) between Kraemer/Miller Basins and well A-26 and will monitor water quality in the shallow zone of the Main Aquifer. Well AM- 8 is located at approximately one-half the distance (about four months travel time) between Kraemer/Miller Basins and well A-26 and will monitor water quality in the shallow zone of the Main Aquifer. Wells AMD-10 and OCWD-KB 1 are located immediately west of Kraemer/Miller Basin. Tracer studies have indicated the travel time to the shallowest zone at AMD-10 is about one month and to well OCWD-KB-1 is less than one month. After well SCWC-PLJ2 is taken out of service, it will be used for monitoring purposes, as it is located about three-quarters of the distance (about six months travel time) between Kraemer/Miller Basins and well A-26. 27. Operations, maintenance, and monitoring plans (OMM Plans) for Interim WF-21 and GWR System will be submitted for review and approval by the OHS and 10 SARWQCB. The OMM Plans will describe operating, maintenance, and monitoring procedures for normal, start-up, peak flow, upset, off-spec, and emergency conditions. The OMM Plans will address source control concerns, water quality issues, and include a contingency plan and an emergency response plan. 28. OCWD has operated a 0.43 mgd capacity demonstration project since January 1997 that utilizes the same treatment processes, MF and RO, as those proposed for the GWR System and Interim WF-21. In addition, OCWD has conducted pilot AOP (hydrogen peroxide and UV) studies at the demonstration project. The water quality produced by the demonstration project is representative of that anticipated from the GWR System and Interim WF-21. Water quality data from the demonstration project indicate that GWR System and Interim WF-21 water will meet all requirements of the California Drinking Water Primary and Secondary Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs). Data from the demonstration project also have indicated that selected pharmaceutically active compounds and other toxic contaminants not included in the drinking water standards are removed or reduced to low levels in the product water. 29. During short-term peak storm flow events, start-up, and emergency conditions, GWR System will treat and discharge up to 100 mgd under two operating scenarios: (1) continued production of recycled water with excess flows discharged to the Santa Ana River (SAR); and (2) all flow discharged to the SAR. Under the first scenario, the AWTF will continue to produce up to 70 mgd of recycled water for recharge via injection and spreading using the full MF, RO, and AOP treatment train. Excess flows (up to 30 mgd) will be chloraminated, treated using MF and a separate UV train (bypassing RO), and then dechlorinated and discharged via a dedicated pipeline to the SAR near the AWTF site. Under the second scenario, no recycled water will be produced and the entire flow stream (up to 100 mgd) will be chloraminated, treated using MF and UV (bypassing RO), and then dechlorinated and discharged via a dedicated pipeline to the SAR near the AWTF site. All discharges to the SAR will comply with the SARWQCB Basin Plan. The expected duration of a peak flow event is 8 to 12 hours. It is anticipated that peak storm flow events may occur less than once per year (0.6 times per year) based on flow projections for 2020. 30. An independent advisory panel has reviewed the planning and design of the GWR System. ·On-going periodic meetings of this panel, which is named the Technical Review Committee, are planned to review design criteria, reliability, water quality, and operational issues. Members of the technical Review Committee include distinguished members of the academic community (George Tchobanoglous, water and wastewater treatment and water recycling specialist and registered engineer from University of California, Davis; Karl Linden, UV disinfection specialist from Duke University; and Edward Wei, toxicologist from University of California, Berkeley); a hydrogeologist (Dennis Williams, Geoscience); a water reuse and wastewater treatment specialist (Margie Nellor, 11 County Sanitation Districts of Los Angeles County); a water resources expert (Ron Linsky, National Water Research Institute); and regulators participating on an ex-officio basis (Rick Sakaji, State Department of Health Services; and Hope Smythe, Regional Water Quality Control Board, Santa Ana Region). The Technical Review Committee will provide scientific peer review to guide the project during final design, construction, and startup. 12 •. CONDITIONS Based on the above FINDINGS OF FACT, which are made pursuant to the information provided by Orange County Water District (OCWD) and Orange County Sanitation District (OCSD) in the Engineering Report on the Groundwater Replenishment System (GWR System) dated September 2000, Addenda Nos. 1 through 4 to the Engineering Report on the GWR System dated August 2001, subsequent submittals in the form of letters and technical memoranda, and the presentations by OCWD and OCSD and comments made by members of the public at the Public Hearing held by the California Department of Health Services, Drinking Water Field Operations Branch, on February 4, 2003, in Fountain Valley, California, the California Department of Health Services (OHS) FINDS that the proposed operation of the GWR System and Interim Water Factory 21 (Interim WF-21) will not degrade the quality of the water in the receiving aquifers as a source of domestic water supply PROVIDED THAT ALL OF THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS ARE MET: 1. The total volume of recycled water recharged by injection and surface spreading shall not exceed 70 million gallons per day (mgd) based on a monthly average (up to 78,400 acre-feet per year (afy)). 2. Treatment of recycled water intended for groundwater recharge shall consist of advanced primary sedimentation and secondary treatment, followed by microfiltration (MF), reverse osmosis (RO), advanced oxidation process (AOP), including hydrogen peroxide addition and ultraviolet (UV) light treatment and disinfection, with decarbonation and/or lime stabilization as needed for pH adjustment. Major modifications to the treatment train as described in the Engineering Report and associated Addenda, technical memoranda and correspondence shall be subject to review by the OHS and the Santa Ana Regional Water Quality Control Board (SARWQCB). 3. Recycled water for recharge via injection and spreading shall, at all times, be adequately oxidized, filtered, subject to organics removal by RO and AOP using UV and hydrogen peroxide addition, and disinfected. There shall be no bypassing of any treatment process, except for decarbonation and lime treatment, which provide pH adjustment as required for stabilization in Condition 2. During peak storm flow events, start-up or emergency conditions, effluent that is not recycled shall be adequately oxidized, filtered, and disinfected for discharge to the Santa Ana River. 4. The wastewater collection system of the OCSD shall be operated under a comprehensive industrial pretreatment and pollutant source control program for the control of discharge of toxic wastes from point sources, which is approved by the SARWQCB. If OHS identifies any contaminants that may pose a risk of contamination to a drinking water supply, it may designate those contaminants 13 for inclusion in the pretreatment and source control program requirements for OCSD Reclamation Plant No. 1 to minimize the possibility that the influent wastewater to Reclamation Plant No. 1 and the secondary treated wastewater that is source water to the GWR System and Interim WF-21 will be contaminated with such toxic chemicals. The GWR System source water shall not include flows from the Santa Ana River Interceptor. Quarterly composite and/or grab samples shall be taken of the OCSO Reclamation Plant No. 1 ·secondary effluent and the GWR System and Interim WF-21 recycled water prior to recharge via injection and spreading and analyzed for contaminants designated by OHS. If any recycled water analytical result for any designated contaminant exceeds the designated concentration, the laboratory shall notify OCWO within 72 hours of completing the analysis, and a follow-up confirmation sample shall be collected and analyzed within 21 days of the notification. If the average of the initial and confirmation samples also exceeds the designated concentration for the identified pollutant, the causes of the exceedance shall be investigated and appropriate corrections shall be made, and a report shall be submitted to the OHS and SARWQCB. If the average of the initial and confirmation samples exceeds the above concentration for two consecutive quarters, recharge of recycled water shall be suspended, the causes of the exceedance shall be investigated and appropriate corrections shall be made, and a report shall be submitted to the OHS and SARWQCB. If recharge of recycled water is suspended, effluent may be discharged to the Santa Ana River as permitted by the SARWQCB. 5. During the initial operating period, the monthly running average recycled water contribution (RWC) that is injected into the Talbert Gap Barrier or recharged in the vicinity of Kraemer/Miller Basins in the Anaheim Forebay shall not exceed 75 percent of the total water recharged via injection or spreading at each location. Diluents for Interim WF-21 at the Talbert Gap Barrier shall be potable water and/or deep aquifer (colored) water. Diluent for the GWR System at the Talbert Gap Barrier shall be potable water. Diluents for the GWR System at the Anaheim Forebay shall be captured Santa Ana River storm flows and/or imported water. Compliance shall be on a monthly running average basis over a time period up to a maximum of the preceding 60 months. Once a month, the average RWC shall be calculated during this period by dividing the total volume of recycled water injected or spread during the preceding months by the total volume of injection or spread water during that period. If the average RWC does not comply with the above requirement, OCWO shall notify the OHS and SARWQCB within 7 days and submit a report to the OHS and the SARWQCB within 60 days describing the reason and corrective actions taken to avoid future occurrences. 6. Following the successful completion of the initial operating period, OCWO may increase the monthly running average RWC to 100 percent if the following are documented in a report submitted to and approved by the OHS: • Operations, monitoring, and compliance data; 14 • Injection and/or surface-spread recharge water has reached at least one GWR System monitoring well for at least one year with an average RWC of at least 0.6 (60 percent recycled water), and the GWR System has been in compliance with the existing OHS-specified maximum average RWC of 0.75 (75 percent recycled water); • Recycled water quality produced at the AWTF has consistently met all requirements; • Appropriate construction and siting of the monitoring well(s) used in the demonstration have been validated; • An updated engineering report; • Review and assessment of the increased RWC by a scientific peer advisory panel; and • Water quality data collected at the monitoring well(s) used in the demonstration: o Meets all primary drinking water standards specified below in Condition No. 8; o Meets the total nitrogen criteria specified below in Condition No. 9; and o Indicates that the non-regulated contaminants, including TOC and those specified in Tables 64449-A and 64449-8, total coliform levels, and any endocrine disrupting chemicals, pharmaceuticals, or other water quality constituents specified by OHS based on the results of the recycled water monitoring are not increasing over the levels in the recycled water due to the recharge operation. 7. Any recycled water that may already be present in the groundwater because of on-going project related activities should be accounted for as a part of the total amount of recycled water in calculating the percent of recycled water in an aquifer. 8. The recycled water injected and recharged shall, at all times, meet all primary maximum contaminant levels specified in the Drinking Water Quality and Monitoring Requirements, California Code of Regulations (CCR), Title 22, Chapter 15 as follows: • Inorganic chemicals in Table 64431-A (except for nitrogen compounds); • Radionuclides in Table 4, Section 64443; • Organic chemicals in Table 64444-A; • Any new Federal or State maximum contaminant level upon adoption; • Disinfection byproducts in Section 64533, Chapter 15.5; • Action levels for lead and copper in Section 64678; and 15 • Secondary maximum contaminant levels in Tables 64449-A and 64449-B ("Upper" levels). Recycled water shall be monitored on a quarterly basis at regular intervals by analyzing a 24-hour composite or grab sample to determine compliance with primary maximum contaminant levels referenced above for inorganic chemicals, radionuclides, organic chemicals, and disinfection byproducts and with action levels for lead and copper referenced above. Compliance shall be based on the running-quarterly average, calculated each quarter using the previous four quarters of data. If the recycled water is out of compliance, a report shall be submitted to the OHS and SARWQCB that describes the reasons and the corrective actions taken. Prior to the commencement of recharge via injection and/or spreading of recycled water, at least one 24t..hour composite or grab sample of recycled water shall be collected and analyzed to determine compliance with primary maximum contaminant levels referenced above for inorganic chemicals, radionuclides, organic chemicals, and disinfection byproducts, and with action levels for lead and copper referenced above and to demonstrate the effectiveness of the treatment process. The results for the initial recycled water quality analysis shall be submitted to the OHS and SARWQCB. Recycled water shall be monitored on an annual basis by analyzing a representative grab sample to determine compliance with secondary maximum contaminant levels listed above. If the single sample result (or average of samples collected during the year, if more than one) exceeds a secondary maximum contaminant level, a report shall be submitted to the OHS and SARWQCB that describes the reasons and corrective actions taken. 9. The total nitrogen concentration of the recycled water shall not exceed 5 mg/L as nitrogen. Total nitrogen shall be defined as the sum of ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, and organic nitrogen concentrations, expressed as nitrogen. Compliance shall be based on the running average of all samples collected during the past 20 weeks. Each week two grab or 24-hour composite samples of recycled water shall be collected at least three days apart for total nitrogen analysis. If the 20-week average total nitrogen concentration exceeds 5 mg/L as nitrogen, recharge of recycled water shall be suspended until the total nitrogen concentration does not exceed 5 mg/L as nitrogen. Within seven days of the suspension, a report describing the causes of the failure and the corrective actions taken to avoid future violations of these requirements shall be submitted to the OHS and the SARWQCB. If the average total nitrogen concentration in all samples of the recycled water collected for analysis exceeds 5 mg/L as nitrogen for more than two consecutive weeks, then a report describing the causes of the exceedance and the corrective actions taken to avoid future exceedances shall be submitted to the OHS and SARWQCB within 30 days. 16 If a single sample of recycled water for total nitrogen analysis exceeds 5 mg/L as nitrogen, a confirmation sample shall be collected and analyzed within 48 hours. If the average of the initial and confirmation samples exceeds 5 mg/L as nitrogen, an enhanced groundwater monitoring program shall be conducted at the closest downgradient monitoring well located one to three months underground travel time from the recharge operation. Weekly sampling and analysis for total nitrogen at the closest monitoring well shall begin four weeks prior to and continue until four weeks after the anticipated arrival time of the recycled water having the elevated total nitrogen level. At the closest monitoring well, if the nitrite concentration exceeds 1 mg/L as nitrogen, or if the sum of the ammonia, nitrite, and organic nitrogen concentrations exceeds 3 mg/L as nitrogen, then the program shall be expanded to the next-closest downgradient monitoring well located three to four months underground travel time from the recharge operation. Weekly sampling and analysis for total nitrogen at the next-closest monitoring well shall continue until four weeks after the anticipated arrival time of the recycled water having the elevated total nitrogen level. During the enhanced groundwater monitoring program at either the closest or next-closest monitoring well, if the sum of the ammonia, nitrite, and organic nitrogen concentrations does not exceed 3 mg/L as nitrogen, then normal groundwater monitoring as required in Condition Nos. 23 through 27 may resume. During the enhanced groundwater monitoring program at the next-closest monitoring well, if the nitrite concentration exceeds 1 mg/L as nitrogen, or if the sum of the ammonia, nitrite, and organic nitrogen concentrations exceeds 3 mg/L as nitrogen, then weekly sampling and analysis for total nitrogen at the closest domestic well shall begin four weeks prior to and continue until four weeks after the anticipated arrival of the recycled water having the elevated total nitrogen level. Within 30 days of conclusion of enhanced groundwater monitoring, a report · summarizing the results of the enhanced groundwater monitoring program and describing the causes of the exceedance and corrective actions taken to avoid future violations of these requirements shall be submitted to the OHS and SARWQCB. 10. Diluent water shall be monitored quarterly for nitrate and nitrite. Within 48 hours of being informed by the laboratory of a nitrate and/or nitrite result greater than a maximum contaminant level, a confirmation sample shall be collected and analyzed. If the average of the initial and confirmation samples exceeds a maximum contaminant level, use of the diluent water shall be suspended and OCWD shall notify the OHS and SARWQCB within 48 hours of receiving the confirmation sample result. The causes of the exceedance shall be investigated 17 and appropriate corrections shall be made before use of the diluent water may be resumed. 11. The Total Organic Carbon (TOC) concentration of the recycled water shall not exceed 0.5 mg/L divided by the OHS-specified maximum average RWC. Compliance shall be based on the running average of the most recent 20 samples. Each week one grab or 24-hour composite sample of the recycled water shall be collected for TOC analysis. Determination of compliance shall begin as soon as four samples have been collected, averaging all available samples up to 20 samples. After that time, compliance shall be determined monthly based on the most recent 20 TOC samples. The average of the most recent 20 samples shall be determined monthly. If the average TOC concentration exceeds 0.5 mg/L divided by the OHS-specified maximum average RWC, then recharge via injection and spreading of recycled water shall be suspended until the above TOC requirement can be met. Within seven days of the suspension, OCWD shall notify the OHS and SARWQCB. If the average of the last four recycled water samples exceeds the TOC concentration of 0.5 mg/l divided by the OHS-specified maximum average RWC, a report shall be submitted to OHS and the SARWQCB within 60 days that describes the reasons and the corrective actions that have been taken to avoid future occurrences. 12. The turbidity of the RO product water prior to disinfection shall not exceed 0.2 Nephelometric turbidity units (NTU) more than 5 percent of the time in any 24- hour period and shall not exceed 0.5 NTU at any time. The turbidity of the RO product water shall be continuously measured with at least one reading every 1.2 hours and recorded. Compliance with the daily average turbidity shall be determined based on using the recorded turbidity taken at intervals of no more than 1.2 hours over a 24-hour period. Should the continuous turbidity meter and recorder fail, grab sampling at a minimum frequency of 1.2 hours may be substituted for a period of up to 24 hours. The results of the daily average turbidity determinations shall be reported quarterly to OHS and the SARWQCB. A failure to meet the turbidity performance requirements shall result in the suspension of injection of recycled water until such time that the cause of the failure has been identified and corrected. Any failure to meet the turbidity performance requirements shall be reported to the OHS and the SARWQCB in the next monthly report. 13. The recycled water intended for recharge via injection and spreading shall be disinfected such that the 7-day median number of total coliforms shall not exceed 2.2 total coliform bacteria per 100 milliliters (ml), and the number of total coliform organisms shall not exceed 23 total coliform bacteria per 100 ml in more than one sample in any 30-day period prior to injection or spreading. No sample shall exceed 240 total coliform bacteria per 100 ml. A grab sample shall be analyzed daily for total coliform bacteria. A failure to meet these requirements shall require the submission of a report describing the cause of the 18 failure and the corrective actions taken to avoid future violations of these requirements. Failure to meet the 7-day median coliform requirement for two consecutive days shall result in the suspension of the injection of recycled water until such time the cause of the failure has been identified and corrected. Any failure to meet the total coliform requirements shall be reported to the OHS and SARWQCB in the next monthly report. UV irradiation following membrane filtration has been recognized by the OHS as an acceptable alternative disinfection method to chlorination to achieve at least 5-log inactivation of virus. UV disinfection shall comply with the "Ultraviolet Disinfection Guidelines for Drinking Water and Water Reuse" (December 2000) published by the National Water Research Institute (NWRI) which specify for RO permeate that (1) the design UV dose shall be at least 50 millijoules per square centimeter (mJ/cm 2 ) under maximum day flow; (2) the effluent turbidity shall be equal to or less than 0.2 NTU 95 percent of the time, and not to exceed 0.5 NTU at any time; and (3) the RO permeate UV transmittance shall be 90 percent or greater at 254 nanometers (nm). 14. Each quarter during the first year of operation, samples of the recycled water shall be collected and analyzed as follows, and any positive results shall be reported to the OHS and SARWQCB in the next monthly report: • Unregulated chemicals in Table 64450, Chapter 15, Title 22, CCR, Drinking Water Quality and Monitoring Requirements; • Priority toxic pollutants (chemicals listed in the Water Quality Standards, Establishment of Numeric Criteria for Priority Toxic Pollutants for the State of California, and 40 CFR Part 131, Federal Register 65 (97), May 18, 2000, p. 31682); and • The following chemicals with State action levels: N- nitrosodimethylamine (NOMA), 1,4-dioxane, and perchlorate. After the first year of operation, the OHS may allow the monitoring frequency to be reduced to annually for the above chemicals based on the initial sample results. 15. Each year, OCWO shall collect and analyze samples of the recycled wate~ for endocrine disrupting chemicals and pharmaceuticals specified by the OHS and using methods accepted by the OHS. The results of this monitoring shall be submitted to the OHS and SARWQCB annually. 16. Each year, OCWO shall collect samples of the recycled water and conduct a Tentatively Identified Chemicals (TIC) analysis. The results of this monitoring shall be submitted to the OHS and SARWQCB annually. 17. An operations, maintenance and monitoring plan (OMM Plan) shall be developed for the Interim WF-21 AWTF and submitted to the OHS and the SARWQCB for approval prior to startup of Interim WF-21. OCWD shall operate 19 its Interim WF-21 facilities in accordance with the approved OMM Plan. After a year of operation, the Interim WF-21 OMM Plan shall be updated and submitted to the OHS and SARWQCB for review and approval. The updated Interim WF- 21 OMM Plan shall be used as the basis for the GWR System AWTF OMM Plan. An OMM Plan shall be developed for the GWR System AWTF and submitted to the OHS and the SARWQCB for approval prior to startup of the GWR System. OCWD shall operate its GWR System facilities in accordance with the approved OMM Plan. After a year of operation, the GWR System OMM Plan shall be updated and submitted to the OHS and SARWQCB for review and approval. All OMM Plans shall cover critical operational parameters to include routine testing procedures for the MF, RO and AOP systems, optimization of the hydrogen peroxide dose, UV dose for disinfection, and all treatment processes, maintenance and calibration schedules for monitoring equipment, process alarm set points, and response procedures for alarms in each treatment process of the AWTF, including criteria for diverting recycled water if water quality requirements are not met, start-up, peak flow and emergency discharges to the Santa Ana River, and emergency response and contingency plans. During the first year of operation of Interim WF-21 and the GWR System, all treatment processes shall be optimized to reduce contaminant levels. The results of these initial optimization efforts shall be incorporated into the updated OMM Plans. The OMM Plans shall include staffing levels with applicable certifications levels for AWTF operations personnel. Significant changes in the operation of any of the treatment processes shall be reported to the OHS and SARWQCB. Significant changes in the approved OMM Plans must be approved by the OHS and SARWQCB prior to instituting changes. 18. At the Talbert Gap Barrier. the recycled water shall be retained in the groundwater basin for a minimum of 12 months prior to being withdrawn at a domestic water supply well. A numerical model, tracer, or other method shall be used to determine the underground retention time and recycled water contribution to each aquifer. If a tracer is used, the tracer shall be determined prior to start-up. 19. At the Anaheim Forebay, the recycled water shall be retained in the groundwater basin for a minimum of 6 months prior to being withdrawn at a domestic water supply well. A numerical model, tracer, or other method shall be used to determine the underground retention time and recycled water contribution to each aquifer. If a tracer is used, the tracer shall be determined prior to start-up. 20. At the Talbert Gap Barrier, no domestic drinking water wells shall be allowed within a buffer zone defined by the area less than 2,000 feet and 12 months underground travel time from the Talbert Gap Barrier. 20 21. At the Anaheim Forebay, no domestic drinking water wells shall be allowed within a buffer zone defined by the area less than 500 feet and 6 months underground travel time from Kraemer/Miller Basins. 22. OCWD shall adopt a resolution that effectively prevents the use of groundwater for drinking water purposes within the area required to achieve 12 months underground retention time and 2,000 feet of horizontal separation from the Talbert Gap Barrier and within the area to achieve 6 months retention time and 500 feet of horizontal separation from the Kraemer/Miller Basins area. The resolution shall be invoked prior to the start of injection or spreading of recycled water from the GWR System. In addition, OCWD shall notify the Orange County Well Standards Advisory Board of its resolution to prevent construction of any domestic supply wells within these buffer zones. 23. Groundwater monitoring to detect the influence of the GWR System recharge via injection and spreading shall be performed. Monitoring wells shall be sited at locations within approximately three months underground travel time of each recharge area and at additional intermediate points between each recharge area and the nearest downgradient domestic water supply well, and such that samples can be obtained independently from each aquifer potentially conveying the recharge water. Monitoring well locations shall be determined based on a numerical model, tracer, or other method to determine the estimated underground travel time from the recharge operation to the monitoring well sites. If a tracer is used, the tracer shall be determined prior to start-up. 24. At a minimum, three new multi-depth groundwater monitoring wells, M-45, M-46 and M-47, shall be constructed in Fountain Valley between the Talbert Gap Barrier injection wells and nearby domestic water supply wells. For the nearest domestic water supply well, MCWD-5, well M-46 shall be installed near the Santa -Ana River approximately three to four months travel time from the barrier {approximately 700 feet), and well M-47 shall be installed approximately one-half of the distance (approximately 1,500 feet) between the barrier and MCWD-5. For both wells M-46 and M-47, samples shall be taken independently from the aquifers receiving the injection water as follows: (1) Lambda/Omicron Aquifer; (2) Upper Rho Aquifer; (3) Lower Rho Aquifer; and (4) Main Aquifer. A third new monitoring well, M-45, shall be constructed approximately one-half of the distance (about 2,800 feet) between the barrier and the Newport Beach production wells, NB-TAMS, NB-TAMD, NB-DOLS, and NB-DOLD. Two existing monitoring wells, M-10 and M-11, located approximately three months travel time from the barrier to these Newport Beach production wells, shall also be monitored. For M-45, M-10, and M-11, samples shall be taken independently from the aquifers receiving the injection water as follows: (1) Alpha; (2) Beta; (3) Lambda/Omicron; and (4) Main Aquifer. 25. At a minimum, one new multi-depth groundwater monitoring well, AMD-12, shall be constructed west of Kraemer/Miller Basins along the groundwater flow path toward domestic water supply well A-26 to monitor water quality in multiple 21 zones of the Main Aquifer. Well AM0-12 shall be located approximately 2,600 feet away from the recharge operation, or about one-third of the distance (approximately three months travel time) between Kraemer/Miller Basins and well A-26. In addition, two existing monitoring wells, AM-7 and AM-8, located west of Kraemer/Miller Basins along the flow path toward well A-26, shall be regularly monitored. AM0-7 is located at about one-quarter of the distance (approximately 2 months travel time) between Kraemer/Miller Basins and well A- 26. AM-8 is located at approximately one-half of the distance (approximately four months travel time) between Kraemer/Miller Basins and well A-26. After it is taken out of service, well SCWC-PLJ2, which is located about three-quarters of the distance (approximately six months travel time) between Kraemer/Miller Basins and well A-26, may be used for monitoring purposes. For the new monitoring well AMD-12, samples shall be taken independently from the Main Aquifer system receiving the recharge water at the following approximate depths: (1) 300-350 feet; (2) 400~450 feet; (3) 550-650 feet; (4) 750-800 feet; and 900-1,000 feet. For existing monitoring wells AM-7, AM-8, and AM0-10, samples shall be taken independently from the Main Aquifer system receiving the recharge water at varying depths to track the travel and quality characteristics of the spreading operation. 26. The groundwater monitoring program shall be reviewed and modified every two years or sooner, based on results of the monitoring program. Changes to the, monitoring program, including well locations, shall be approved by the OHS and SARWQCB. 27. Each quarter, at a minimum, samples shall be collected from the aquifers and at the depths listed above at each monitoring well and analyzed for the following: • TOG; • Total nitrogen; • Constituents and characteristics in CCR, Title 22, Chapter 15, Tables 64449-A and 64449-B; • Total coliform levels; and • Any water quality constituents specified by the OHS based· on the results of the recycled water monitoring conducted pursuant to these analyses. If any of the monitoring results indicates that a maximum contaminant level has been exceeded or that coliforms are present, OCWO shall notify the OHS within 48 hours of receiving the results and make note of any positive findings in the monthly report submitted to the SARWQCB. 28. OCWD shall submit all water quality data for recycled water and groundwater monitoring in a format acceptable to the OHS and SARWQCB. Analytical results shall be reported to the OHS electronically using the Electronic Deliverable Format as defined in the Electronic Deliverable Format (EDF) Version 1.2i 22 Guidelines and Restrictions dated April 2001 and Data Dictionary dated April 2001. 29. OCWD shall perform annually a mass balance to ensure that blending is occurring in the aquifer for the initial phase of operation. Injection and surface- spread recharge water flow paths will be determined annually from groundwater elevation contours and compared to the flow and transport model's flow paths. Assumptions for the model shall be revised if there are any significant changes to the Basin's injection, spreading, recharge, and extraction activities. The flow and transport model shall be updated to match as closely as possible the actual flow patterns observed within the aquifer if the flow paths have significantly changed. 30. During the initial 75 percent RWC operation period, OCWD shall submit annually a report to the OHS and SARWQCB evaluating the compliance with the minimum underground retention time, distance to the nearest point of extraction, blending, and the maximum RWC requirements. The annual report shall include water quality data on turbidity, coliforms, total nitrogen, regulated contaminants, TOC, and non-regulated contaminants compliance. The annual report shall also include a summary of corrective actions taken as a result of violations, suspensions of recharge, detections of monitored constituents and any observed trends, information on the travel of the recycled water (estimated location of the leading edge), description of any changes in operation of any unit processes or facilities, and description of any anticipated changes, including any impacts on other unit processes. 31. An independent advisory panel shall provide on-going periodic scientific peer review of the GWR System. Members of the advisory panel, at a minimum, shall include a toxicologist, an engineering geologist or hydrogeologist registered in California, an engineer registered in California and experienced in the fields of wastewater treatment and public water supply, a microbiologist, and a chemist. 32. OCWO shall review Title 22 drinking water quality data for the nearest domestic water supply wells in· the vicinity of the GWR System and Interim WF-21 injection operation at Talbert Gap Barrier and in the vicinity of the GWR System spreading operation at the Anaheim Forebay, and shall immediately notify the OHS and the owner of the well to discontinue using the well if it no longer produces safe, wholesome, potable water as a result of the recycled water injection or spreading operation, and shall provide an alternative safe drinking water supply approved by the OHS. 33. OCWO shall submit an annual report of findings prepared by an independent, qualified engineer registered in California and experienced in the field of advanced wastewater treatment for groundwater recharge regarding the operation of the GWR System and Interim WF-21 facilities and the results of the monitoring and investigations of the impacts of recycled water injection at Talbert Gap Barrier and spreading at Anaheim Forebay. 23 34. OCWD shall update and submit the engineering report every five years to the OHS and SARWQCB. 35. Provided that OCWD meets all of the above conditions and findings of fact, notwithstanding subsequent deletion of any condition by the SARWQCB, the OHS finds that the GWR System and Interim WF-21 can provide injection recharge water and that the GWR System can provide spreading recharge water that will not degrade the groundwater basin as a source of water supply for domestic purposes. / Cindy E r es, P .E. Chief f the Southern California Branch Drinking Water Field Operations State of California Department of Health Services Hearing Officer 24